日前CCTV新(xin)聞(wen)頻道“新(xin)聞(wen)直播間(jian)”欄目(mu)播報了(le)“誰來(lai)替(ti)代(dai)Windows XP，工信(xin)部(bu)希望用戶使用國(guo)產操(cao)作系統(tong)(tong)”報道。中國(guo)工程(cheng)院倪光(guang)南院士指出，操(cao)作系統(tong)(tong)是信(xin)息(xi)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)基(ji)(ji)石，其自主能(neng)力事(shi)關國(guo)家信(xin)息(xi)安(an)全。同時，央視也(ye)報道了(le)目(mu)前包括優麒麟(lin)在內(nei)的(de)國(guo)產Linux操(cao)作系統(tong)(tong)，在易用性等方面基(ji)(ji)本具備XP替(ti)代(dai)能(neng)力，但(dan)還存在生態環境差等各(ge)種問題(ti)。
       從今(jin)年的(de)(de)(de)4月(yue)8日(ri)起，美(mei)國(guo)微軟公(gong)司停止(zhi)了對(dui)Windows XP操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)提供服務(wu)支持，這引(yin)起了社會和(he)(he)廣大用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)廣泛關注(zhu)和(he)(he)對(dui)信(xin)息(xi)安全的(de)(de)(de)擔憂。工信(xin)部對(dui)此表示(shi)，將繼續加大力度，支持我國(guo)Linux的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發和(he)(he)應用(yong)，并希望用(yong)戶可(ke)以(yi)使用(yong)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)。2月(yue)，觀察者網曾關注(zhu)了國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)電腦(nao)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)紅旗Linux遭遇(yu)“滑鐵盧(lu)”一事。但國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發并未(wei)就此結束，目前國(guo)內還(huan)有(you)多家公(gong)司在從事相關開發運營工作(zuo)(zuo)，而在世界范圍內，Linux系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)商業化(hua)運用(yong)也還(huan)處于方興未(wei)艾的(de)(de)(de)階段。日(ri)前，素(su)有(you)“防火墻之父”稱號的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家工程院(yuan)院(yuan)士方濱(bin)興也表示(shi)，升級Win7或Win8比(bi)續用(yong)XP更危險，政府應扶植國(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)以(yi)逐(zhu)步(bu)替換“XP”。
       工信(xin)部：望用戶使用國(guo)產操作系統
       工業和信息化部總工程(cheng)師張峰表示，希(xi)望(wang)廣(guang)(guang)大用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)關注Windows XP停止服(fu)務帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛在安(an)全(quan)風險(xian)，采取措施做好(hao)安(an)全(quan)防范。希(xi)望(wang)廣(guang)(guang)大使用(yong)XP系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個人用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)，及時下載安(an)裝(zhuang)國內相關企業提供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防護軟件，降低信息安(an)全(quan)風險(xian)。工信部也將繼續加大力度，支持我國Linux操作系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發和應(ying)用(yong)，也希(xi)望(wang)廣(guang)(guang)大用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)給(gei)予這(zhe)些產品更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持。張峰透露，目前中國有70%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算機用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)使用(yong)Windows XP系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。而在數(shu)量(liang)眾多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中國Windows XP用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)中，就包(bao)括了大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方政府，對于這(zhe)部分特別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)，不(bu)再獲(huo)得官方安(an)全(quan)更新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Windows XP系(xi)(xi)統(tong)也面臨(lin)著不(bu)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)隱患。
       央視(shi)(shi)：國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)否已經成熟(shu)，能(neng)否替(ti)代Windows XP操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)呢(ni)？記者將一(yi)(yi)些主流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)Windows XP一(yi)(yi)起做了對(dui)比(bi)。  畫面(mian)中的(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)臺電腦分(fen)別使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)微軟的(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。畫面(mian)左(zuo)側(ce)是(shi)Windows XP操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，右側(ce)是(shi)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。首先(xian)來比(bi)較應(ying)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)。可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)到(dao)這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)無論是(shi)布局還是(shi)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方式(shi)上都(dou)(dou)所(suo)差無幾(ji)。也就(jiu)是(shi)說，兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)差不多(duo)(duo)。用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)用(yong)(yong)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)替(ti)代Windows XP基本(ben)(ben)不需要重(zhong)新(xin)適應(ying)。其次再(zai)比(bi)一(yi)(yi)下速度(du)。打開(kai)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)文檔和(he)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)視(shi)(shi)頻，可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)到(dao)速度(du)基本(ben)(ben)差不多(duo)(duo)，打了個(ge)平手。接著比(bi)較一(yi)(yi)下應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)豐(feng)富程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)。像(xiang)上網、看(kan)圖、發視(shi)(shi)頻、聽音樂(le)這(zhe)些基本(ben)(ben)功(gong)能(neng)，國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)都(dou)(dou)有(you)，不遜(xun)于Windows XP，但像(xiang)PS、QQ、炒股軟件以(yi)及(ji)不少游戲(xi)軟件，在國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)上都(dou)(dou)不能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。在應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)豐(feng)富程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)方面(mian)，國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)要遜(xun)于Windows XP。
       工信(xin)部軟件(jian)與集成電路促進中心研究(jiu)員(yuan)胡昌軍：商(shang)業公司嘛肯定是(shi)以商(shang)業利益(yi)為(wei)(wei)主。如果(guo)說從(cong)整個市場占有(you)的(de)份額來講，全球的(de)Linux份額可(ke)能不(bu)(bu)足(zu)1%，95 %或以上可(ke)能都是(shi)XP等(deng)Windows系(xi)(xi)(xi)列，蘋果(guo)的(de)IOS也(ye)(ye)占有(you)一(yi)部分(fen)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)它(國(guo)(guo)產(chan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong))占有(you)市場份額比較小，在國(guo)(guo)內也(ye)(ye)一(yi)樣。當然商(shang)業公司就沒有(you)意愿(yuan)去(qu)開(kai)發相(xiang)關軟件(jian)。在對硬件(jian)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持方面(mian)，像一(yi)些(xie)手機、數碼(ma)相(xiang)機等(deng)產(chan)品，也(ye)(ye)無法和這一(yi)操作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)進行連接。國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)也(ye)(ye)要遜于(yu)Windows XP。中標軟件(jian)有(you)限公司副總裁喬詠(yong)：主要原因(yin)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)設(she)備廠商(shang)沒有(you)對Linux操作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)提(ti)供很(hen)好的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持，就是(shi)不(bu)(bu)會給它專門(men)提(ti)供相(xiang)應的(de)驅動，使得Linux在這方面(mian)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)持能力相(xiang)對較弱。在價格(ge)方面(mian)，有(you)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)為(wei)(wei)免(mian)費的(de)。而Win8.1的(de)零售價格(ge)按版本不(bu)(bu)同，為(wei)(wei)數百元(yuan)到上千元(yuan)不(bu)(bu)等(deng)。在價格(ge)方面(mian)，國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)具有(you)優勢(shi)。
       國(guo)產(chan)操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)統(tong)關系(xi)國(guo)家信(xin)息安(an)全
       央視主持人：通過(guo)以(yi)上，可以(yi)看到(dao)在應(ying)用豐富層面，國(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)和Windows XP還是有不小的(de)差距(ju)。可能有些(xie)人認為，既然微(wei)軟的(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)更(geng)成(cheng)熟，那么就用微(wei)軟的(de)好了，何(he)必要發(fa)展國(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)呢(ni)？還真不行，因為國(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作系(xi)統(tong)關系(xi)到(dao)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)信息安全(quan)。
       中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)工程院院士倪光(guang)南(nan)表(biao)示(shi)(shi)，電腦(nao)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)程序(xu)(xu)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)在操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持之下工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。舉個例子(zi)(zi)來說(shuo)，操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)就好像地(di)基，應(ying)用(yong)(yong)程序(xu)(xu)就好像地(di)基上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)房子(zi)(zi)，都(dou)(dou)是(shi)通過地(di)基到房子(zi)(zi)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。也就是(shi)說(shuo)，只要(yao)電腦(nao)聯(lian)網(wang)，誰掌控(kong)了(le)(le)操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)，就掌握了(le)(le)這(zhe)臺電腦(nao)上(shang)所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)信(xin)息。操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)廠商(shang)很容易(yi)取得(de)用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種敏感信(xin)息，你的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)份、賬戶、通訊(xun)錄、手機號……那么多數據(ju)在一(yi)起，如果你用(yong)(yong)大(da)數據(ju)分析，我們國(guo)(guo)家經濟社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)種活動情(qing)況(kuang)其實都(dou)(dou)可以了(le)(le)解。統(tong)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數字比(bi)統(tong)計部(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數字還(huan)準(zhun)確、更快。倪光(guang)南(nan)說(shuo)，這(zhe)種擔心(xin)并(bing)不是(shi)杞人憂天。棱鏡事(shi)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主角斯諾登透露的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料顯示(shi)(shi)，微軟公(gong)司曾與美國(guo)(guo)政府(fu)合作(zuo)，幫(bang)助美國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家安全局，獲(huo)得(de)互聯(lian)網(wang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加密文件(jian)數據(ju)。倪光(guang)南(nan)表(biao)示(shi)(shi)，由于操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)關系(xi)(xi)(xi)到國(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)息安全，目前(qian)俄羅(luo)斯、德國(guo)(guo)等國(guo)(guo)家已(yi)經推行(xing)，在政府(fu)部(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電腦(nao)中(zhong)(zhong)，采用(yong)(yong)本國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)軟件(jian)。
倪光南建議，國(guo)(guo)家目(mu)前雖(sui)然(ran)也有支(zhi)持國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)措施，但分(fen)散在各個部(bu)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)該提高到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央的(de)層面統(tong)一協(xie)調。國(guo)(guo)家應(ying)該在政府(fu)采(cai)購中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進一步加大對國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)的(de)支(zhi)持。特別(bie)是對于一些行業(ye)(ye)(ye)，擔(dan)心采(cai)用國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，如果出(chu)現(xian)問題需要承(cheng)擔(dan)責任的(de)情況，有關部(bu)門應(ying)該采(cai)取免除責任的(de)措施。同時，發展國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，不應(ying)該僅僅靠國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)工程院多位(wei)院士的(de)倡導下，由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電子信息產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集團公(gong)司、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電子科技集團公(gong)司、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)軟(ruan)件行業(ye)(ye)(ye)協(xie)會等企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和機構共同發起(qi)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)智能終端操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)聯(lian)盟，這將改變(bian)國(guo)(guo)產(chan)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)缺乏軟(ruan)件和硬件支(zhi)持的(de)尷尬。
      中國工(gong)程(cheng)院院士鄔賀銓認(ren)為，微軟停止對Windows XP技(ji)術支持一事，給國產操作系(xi)統(tong)的(de)發展帶(dai)來了一個(ge)難得的(de)契機，“別以(yi)為現在的(de)蘋果、谷歌很(hen)強大，已(yi)經動不了，創新(xin)(xin)才是永恒(heng)的(de)。只要能堅持創新(xin)(xin)，那么什么時候都(dou)有機會。